Say, that we have the following observational data: The minimal, the maximal distance between a planet and the Sun (both in thousands of kilometres) and the number of (Earth) days for one revolution around the Sun.

Planet Aphelion 000 km Perihelion 000 km Orbit time days
Mercury 69,816 46,001 88
Venus 108,942 107,476 225
Earth 152,098 147,098 365
Mars 249,209 206,669 687
Jupiter 816,520 740,573 4,332
Saturn 1,513,325 1,353,572 10,760
Uranus 3,004,419 2,748,938 30,799
Neptune 4,553,946 4,452,940 60,190
Pluto 7,311,000 4,437,000 90,613

Above is only the empirical data and no binding algorithm among the three quantities. The celestial mechanics rules which go by the name of the Kepler’s laws. Can those rules be (re)invented by a computer program and how? After several hours the following C code has been evolved:

aphelion=perihelion+aphelion;
aphelion=aphelion+aphelion;
aphelion=aphelion+aphelion;
guess=12;
aphelion=aphelion>>guess;
temp=aphelion/guess;
aphelion=aphelion-temp;
dif=sqrt(aphelion);
aphelion=guess|aphelion;
aphelion=aphelion*dif;
aphelion=guess^aphelion;
guess=aphelion/guess;

More about it on LessWrong